Prosodic correlates of stress in babbling: an acoustical study     

Davis BL  MacNeilage PF  Matyear CL  Powell JK 《Child development》2000,71(5):1258-1270

Prelinguistic babbling often seems remarkably speech-like, not because it has recognizable words but because it seems to have adult-like prosody. To quantify this impression, we compared disyllabic sequences from five infants and five adults in terms of the use of frequency, intensity, and duration to mark stress. Significantly larger values for the three acoustic variables were observed on stressed than on unstressed syllables independent of syllable position for both groups. Adults showed the correlates of utterance final syllables--lower f0, lower intensity, and longer duration; infants showed only decrease in intensity. Ratios for stressed to unstressed syllables and participation of the three variables in stress production in individual disyllables were highly similar in both groups. No bias toward the English lexical trochaic stress pattern was observed. We conclude that infants in English environments produce adult-like stress patterns before they produce lexical items, which specify stress. Acoustic and perceptual analyses are used to explore stress marking by prelinguistic infants in an English language environment. Results show that infants employ the three acoustic correlates of stress in individual syllables in a manner largely similar to that of adult speakers, although they do not show second-syllable declination effects or an English language trochaic stress bias.  相似文献   

“双一流”背景下地方高校操作系统课程教学改革研究     

李娜  李征  王鹏  达列雄  王磊 《教育技术导刊》2021,19(12):85-88

在“双一流”建设的大背景下,以提高教学质量,培养地方应用型高级专业人才为出发点,以成果或产出导向（OBE）教育理念为指导,针对计算机类专业操作系统课程进行教学改革。通过精心组织课程教学内容,采用线上线下混合教学模式,实施科学课程评价,并将课程思政教育融入专业教学全过程,以此构建地方高校操作系统一流课程。教学实践证明,学生学习效果稳步提升,教学质量进一步提高。  相似文献   

大学生体育休闲娱乐教育探析     

达桂邕  韦练珍 《柳州师专学报》2008,23(3):112-114

随着学校体育改革的深入,如何加强对大学生体育休闲娱乐教育已经成为体育工作者极为关注的问题.本文简述了我国普通高校大学生体育休闲娱乐活动现状,阐明了大学生开展体育休闲娱乐活动的意义,并提出加强大学生体育休闲娱乐教育的必要性.  相似文献   

论武术与小康社会   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

答邦俊  朱国有 《南阳师范学院学报》2003,2(12):91-94

武术是中华民族传统体育项目，而小康社会是我国社会主义现代化建设中一个重要的历程。本通过对武术与小康社会的关系，武术对全面建设小康社会的作用和社会价值等论述，说明了武术的开展和小康社会的建设具有相互融合，相互促进的功效。  相似文献   

Book reviews     

Susan Sayer  Susan Sayar  P. G. Altbach  John D. Turner  D. G. Mulcahy  Erich Leitner  Nancy M. Reid  John Powell 《Higher Education》1982,11(3):345-352

  相似文献   

Universities and the production of knowledge – Introduction     

Ivar Bleiklie  Walter W. Powell 《Higher Education》2005,49(1-2):1-8

  相似文献   

The effect of intra- versus post-interview feedback during simulated practice interviews about child abuse     

Powell MB  Fisher RP  Hughes-Scholes CH 《Child abuse & neglect》2008,32(2):213-227

OBJECTIVE: This study compared the effectiveness of two types of instructor feedback (relative to no feedback) on investigative interviewers' ability to adhere to open-ended questions in simulated practice interviews about child abuse. METHOD: In one condition, feedback was provided at the end of each practice interview. In the other, the instructor stopped the interviewer at various stages during the practice interviews to provide feedback. The relative effect of these conditions was examined by measuring interviewers' performance in a standardized mock interview paradigm immediately prior to, immediately after, and 12 weeks after the practice and feedback sessions. RESULTS: Prior to and 12 weeks after the practice sessions were administered, there was no significant difference in participants' adherence to open-ended questions irrespective of the nature of the feedback, or whether feedback was received. At the immediate post-practice assessment interval, however, the participants who received feedback during the practice interviews performed better (M proportion of open-ended questions=.85, SD=.13) than the other participants (post-interview feedback M=.67, SD=.18, p<.001; no feedback M=.56, SD=.16, p<.001). This heightened use of open-ended questions was associated with a greater tendency among the interviewees to provide abuse-related details in response to open-ended questions (M=.91, SD=.11) compared to the other participants (post-interview feedback M=.77, SD=.15, p<.05; no feedback M=.69, SD=.16, p=.001). CONCLUSIONS: Different types of feedback can be differentially effective in training child abuse investigators to adhere to open-ended questions. The benefits of any training program, however, are likely to be short-lived without ongoing practice. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: A single study compared the relative effectiveness of two types of instructor feedback (relative to no feedback) on investigative interviewers' ability to adhere to open-ended questions in simulated practice interviews about child abuse. This research is relevant to trainers of investigative interviewers because there is currently large variability in the type of feedback employed in training programs. This study is one of the first to empirically demonstrate that different types of feedback may be differentially effective in improving the performance of investigative interviewers.  相似文献   

Describing individual incidents of sexual abuse: a review of research on the effects of multiple sources of information on children's reports     

Roberts KP  Powell MB 《Child abuse & neglect》2001,25(12):1643-1659

OBJECTIVE: For successful prosecution of child sexual abuse, children are often required to provide reports about individual, alleged incidents. Although verbally or mentally rehearsing memory of an incident can strengthen memories, children's report of individual incidents can also be contaminated when they experience other events related to the individual incidents (e.g., informal interviews, dreams of the incident) and/or when they have similar, repeated experiences of an incident, as in cases of multiple abuse. METHOD: Research is reviewed on the positive and negative effects of these related experiences on the length, accuracy, and structure of children's reports of a particular incident. RESULTS: Children's memories of a particular incident can be strengthened when exposed to information that does not contradict what they have experienced, thus promoting accurate recall and resistance to false, suggestive influences. When the encountered information differs from children's experiences of the target incident, however, children can become confused between their experiences-they may remember the content but not the source of their experiences. CONCLUSIONS: We discuss the implications of this research for interviewing children in sexual abuse investigations and provide a set of research-based recommendations for investigative interviewers.  相似文献   

浅谈英语口语学习的情感障碍     

笪冬梅 《安徽广播电视大学学报》2004,(4):68-70,75

情感因素对第二语言学习具有极其重要的影响.在听、说、读、写四项技能中,"说"受情感的影响最大.作者认为积极的情感因素可以促进口语的学习过程,提高学习者的学习效果,消极的情感因素则会对口语的学习产生障碍,影响学习者学习潜力的发挥.本文探讨了消极的情感因素,如焦虑,低自尊心,紧张的课堂气氛等对口语学习产生的障碍.在此基础上作者提出了一些相关性的建议.  相似文献   

Reframing ‘well-being’ in schools: the potential of recognition     

Anne Graham  Mary Ann Powell  Nigel Thomas  Donnah Anderson 《Cambridge Journal of Education》2017,47(4):439-455

In Australia and internationally, the well-being of children and young people is a core focus of social policy, with a growing imperative to locate well-being within the sphere of education. However, the term ‘well-being’ remains ambiguous and the implementation of educational approaches to promote and improve it appears fragmented and ad hoc. In Australia, little is known about how well-being is understood and supported in schools, particularly from the perspective of students themselves. This article reports on key findings from an ambitious mixed-methods study funded by the Australian Research Council that investigated conceptualisations and practices around well-being in schools. Underpinned by theoretical interests linked to Childhood Studies and recognition theory, the research investigated policy, student and staff perspectives on well-being. The findings point to the key role of relationships, providing considerable scope for analysing the salience of Honneth’s modes of recognition for well-being in schools.  相似文献